2020届高中三年级英语专项训练专题8、七选五说明类专练
第I卷（选择题）（每题2分，共40分）
一．七选五
依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最好选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A（考试知识点24中难）
The USA is a society formed by many different immigrant cultures that produced a new and mixed culture. Most Americans celebrate different customs which started in other countries and start several new traditions and cultures.①__________
②__________ They tend to live independently, and communicate directly, honestly and informally with their families, friends and colleagues.
Americans always keep advancing with the times. ③__________ In America, it is relatively common for both parents to work, and American women are equal partners in marriage.
In the USA, the most common family unit consists of the parents and children living under one roof. Most American children are taught to compete, through organized sports and education, as well as speak out their minds and have confidence to stand up for what they believe in.④__________ Many immigrant families also feature several generations living under one roof, with younger family members respecting the elders’ needs and valuing their opinions.
When people from different cultures get married and have children, they may have issues when it comes to maintaining their unique traditions and mixing shared customs at the same time. ⑤__________ However, with a little effort, children in these families can benefit from having both outlooks and traditions. Children who are raised bilingually can also benefit in future careers and learn to make decisions better than monolingual kids.
A.Many Americans find happy life is important.
B.They are also taught to respect their parents at all cosplayts.
C.It can be a challenge to find the perfect balance between cultures.
D.According to socialists, the American family culture has many unique aspects.
E.American children refuse to follow their parents’ advice and always argue with them.
F.Changing rather than sticking to tradition is considered by many Americans as improvement.
G.The difference is easy to deal with if parents can meet halfway and stand in the other’s shoes.
B（考试知识点24中难）
I still remember my first time going to the Chinese company's canteen. When I stepped onto the elevator, each one was full of people. ①___________ However, there was no sign of fire and people were laughing and talking. I followed the flow of the crowd to the doors of the canteen. It occurred to me that in China everyone has lunch almost at the same time. ②___________ The canteen followed this schedule, only being open a few hours per day.
When I stood in the doorway, I realized I had to act fast or I would be left behind. ③___________ Unlike my school lunchroom, here everyone lined up and took a tray, and instead of silverware there were chopsticks and soup spoons.
As I was pushed along the line, I saw dishes I didn't recognize and as people cut in line and picked up dishes left and right, ④___________ I ended up taking a pork and cucumber dish and a tofu salad.
I have been at my company for over a year and a half. ⑤___________ I have learned what dishes I like, mostly by trial and error, and a lot of the workers know me and say hello to me.
I am still getting used to eating lunch at "lunchtime", but I think the schedule definitely helps keep me on track during the day. I wish there were something like this at offices in my hometown.
A. I thought I had missed a fire drill.
B. There was no emergency; it was just lunchtime.
C. I noticed things at lunchtime were a bit different.
D. I felt that I needed to make some quick decisions.
E. The canteen reminded me of my school lunchroom.
F. And now I am glad to say I am more confident in the canteen.
G. I was not very familiar with the local food or restaurants in China.
C（考试知识点24中难）
Earth is home to around 7,000 languages, around half of which are expected to disappear by2100.
Languages disappear for many reasons. Sometimes younger generations sTOP leaming a language because parents want children to fit in. ①__________ Native American children of the late-19th century were required to attend boarding schools where educators forbade them from speaking their native languages.
The United Nations ranks endangered languages according to their risk level. For example, a "critically endangered" language is one that even grandparents don ' t speak often. New York ' s onondaga language is an example with only 50 speakers left. An " extinct" language has no speakers. It is gone forever. Alaska ' s Eyak language is one example. ②__________
③__________ In the same way, different languages contribute to cultural diversity. Saving these
languages benefits our understanding of other cultures. Languages can show how a society looks at the world and what it values. A language may describe something in a way that is funny , too. In Welsh , it rains not cats and dogs , but old wives and walking sticks.
The Endangered Language Alliance wants to save languages from disappearing. ④__________
However,its efforts are limited. If an endangered language is going to make a real comeback, it ' ll probably get its start in schools. For nearly 100 years, public schools in Hawaii did not teach the Hawaiian language. Now students can keep learning in Hawaiian from elementary schools to college and beyond.
⑤__________ At least one did. In 1881, a Jewish linguist named Eliezer Ben-Yehuda brought the 3 ,000-year-old language Hebrew back to life. Today it is one of the official languages of the country of Israel,with more than 4 million speakers.
A. The last person who spoke it died in 2008.
B. Why should we save endangered languages?
C. Various animals and plants benefit our environment.
D. With just 5 speakers left,it is absolutely endangered.
E. Can a language with zero native speakers come back to life?
F. Sometimes societies force minorities to give up their language.
G. The nonprofit group finds native speakers and records their stories.
D（考试知识点24中难）
Long, long ago people couldn't write and they had no books. But they had stories. People learned the stories by heart and taught new ones to one another. Sometimes it was hard to remember them all. ①________
The ancient Egyptians wrote their stories on something made from papyrus ，made from goatskin， later took its place.
In ancient China, books looked a little different. At that time, people there used ink to write on bamboo or silk. And then they invented paper. Made of trees，paper was easier and cheaper to make than papyrus or parchment.③________Papermaking later spread to the West, but there was a big problem with these early books. Every single one had to be copied and written by hand.
④______They carved of friendship. A true friend is the person ②__________考试知识点10 can share all our sadness and double all our happiness. In time of trial , he or she is always at our side to give us his or her help and comfort.
Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very ③__________考试知识点06 with our choice of a friend. We should ④__________ those people with a good character as our friends, but we must try to avoid ⑤__________考试知识点08 friends with a bad man. Besides, we should forgive their mistakes and try to help them as much ⑥__________ possible.
A true friend can always ⑦__________考试知识点09 , loved and respected. If you tell a friend your secrets, he or she will not tell others. Friends share their joys ⑧__________考试知识点12 unhappiness. They help each other when they are ⑨__________考试知识点03 trouble, and cheer each other up when they are sad. ⑩__________考试知识点01 most important thing is that a friend always understands you. In conclusion, when you have made a good friend, don’t forget him or her.
（2）
The British Museum, ①___________考试知识点08 in the Bloomsbury area of London, is the first national public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture. Its permanent collection numbers some 8 million works, making it one of the largest in ②___________ 考试知识点04 . It has been ③___________ 考试知识点06 sourced , documenting the story of human culture ④___________ 考试知识点03 its beginnings to the present. As with all other national museums in ⑤___________ 考试知识点01 United Kingdom, it charges no admission fee. Its ownership of some of its most famous objects ⑥___________ 考试知识点10 originally came from other countries is controversial, particularly in the case of the Parthenon Marbles. Today the museum no longer houses ⑦___________考试知识点04 of natural history,and the books and manuscripts once it ⑧___________考试知识点09 now form part of the independent British Library, ⑨___________ 考试知识点12 it still keeps its universality in collections of artificial works ⑩___________考试知识点08 the cultures of the world, ancient and modern.
（3）
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said ①__________ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months ②__________ 考试知识点06 , but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We③__________考试知识点09 that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, ④__________ 考试知识点12 for the week after. I didn't understand ⑤__________ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged ⑥__________考试知识点03 the reservation. What's worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was ⑦__________ 考试知识点06 helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on ⑧__________考试知识点01 TOP floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach ⑨__________ 考试知识点13 we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little⑩__________ 考试知识点08 ,but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
（4）
The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential than taking afternoon tea. We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea, ①__________考试知识点03/08 more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into ②__________考试知识点01 popular pastime.
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea ③__________考试知识点06 while nibbling on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon! Afternoon tea, ④__________考试知识点08 as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s. It went on to become a ⑤__________考试知识点06 social occasion for the upper classes.
Now there is a resurgence in its ⑥__________考试知识点04 in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it. ⑦__________考试知识点13 it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café. But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place ⑧__________考试知识点08 a plate of sweet and tasty treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid ⑨__________考试知识点08 to leave.
Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour devoted to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I’m sure once you try it, you ⑩__________考试知识点09.
参考答案
1、七选五
A、答案：D; A; F; B; C
B、答案：ABEDF
分析：
本文讲述了作者首次在中企餐厅就餐的感受。
1. A【分析】依据下文“然而,并没失火的征兆,大家都有说有笑” 可知,设空处的内容需说明一下为什么提到“有失火的征兆”。A项“我本以为我错过了消防演习”讲解了为什么作者会觉得应该出现失火的状况,故选A项。
2. B【分析】依据“我忽然想起在中国每个人几乎都在同一时间吃午饭”和下文“餐厅遵守着这个时间表”可知,B项“根本没什么紧急状况,只是午饭时间而已”符合语境,故选B项。
3. E【分析】下文“每一个人排着队,拿着一个托盘,还有筷子和汤匙而不是银餐具”描述的是买饭时的场景,由此可知,E项“这个餐厅让我想起我的学校的餐厅”是对作者看到的餐厅场景的总结,且E项中的school lunchroom与下文呼应,故选E项。
4. D【分析】依据上文中描述的周围同事取菜的场景和下文中提到的“我最后选择了黄瓜炒肉和豆腐沙拉”可知,设空处应该与作者取午餐有关,D项“我感觉我应该迅速作决定”是对作者取到午餐前的心理描写,符合语境,故选D项。
5. F【分析】依据设空前的“我在公司已经一年半多了”与设空后的“主如果通过反复探索将来,我已经了解了我喜欢吃那些菜,很多职员也认识我了并且和我打招呼”可知,该段的内容是对作者熟知在中企工作后的描写,F项“目前我可以非常高兴地说我在餐厅愈加自信了”是对作者熟知餐饮店后的描写,故选F项。
C、答案：F; A; C; G; E
分析：
1.由第二段内容可知,整段都在说明语言消失是什么原因,所以小题1也是在陈述语言消失是什么原因。故F选项切题。
2.由.An " extinct" language has no speakers. It is gone forever. Alaska ' s Eyak language is one example.可知,已经灭绝的语言没说种这语言的人了。它永远消失了。阿拉斯加语言就是一个例子。所以小题2说的是:说这种语言的最后一人死于2008年,这种语言也就永远消失了。 符合对前文的讲解。故A选项切题。
3.由第三段可知,第三段主要在讲述大家受益于不同种的语言。再由in the same way可知,小题3在讲述各种动植物有益于环境,以此说明多种语言也有益于人类。故C选项切题。
4.由The Endangered Language Alliance wants to save languages from disappearing.可知,这个濒临灭绝语言网盟期望挽救这类马上消失的语言。小题2要说明他们具体的做法。故G选项切题。
5.由 At least one did. In 1881, a Jewish linguist named Eliezer Ben-Yehuda brought the 3 ,000-year-old language Hebrew back to life. Today it is one of the official languages of the country of Israel, with more than 4 million speakers.可知,至少有一种语言做到了。在1881年,一位名叫Eliezer Ben-Yehuda的犹太语言学家使这个有3千年历史的希伯来语复活。今天,它是以色列的官方语言之一,有400多万用户。所以通过回答和举例说明,大家可以看出小题5要问“无人说的语言能复活吗?”。故E选项切题。
D、答案：DAEGC
分析：1. D〔提示：依据第二段第—句 The ancient Egyptians wrote their stories on something made from papyrus plants.,所以用指示代词it。
②依据上文的six months可知,这里是说他们六个月前就预定了房间,所以这里用early的比较级。
③依据上下文的内容可知,这里的tell与主语we是被动关系,应该用一般过去时的被动语态。
④剖析句子结构可知,这里是not...but...的配搭。
⑤此处是宾语从句,依据上下文的内容可知,表示疑问,所以用why。
⑥ “要价;收费”是固定配搭。
⑦剖析句子结构可知,空处修饰后面的形容词helpful,所以要用副词形式。
⑧剖析句子结构可知,是特指那里顶层的VIP房间,所以用定冠词。
⑨修饰beach,并在从句中作地址状语,所以用where引导。
⑩充当表语,而且主语是人,所以用动词的-ed形式。
（4）答案：with; a; comfortably; designed; fashionable; popularity; Though / Although/While; to enjoy; being asked; will agree
分析：
英国人有喝下午茶的习惯。本文主要介绍了英国下午茶的文化。
1. with 考查with复合结构。剖析句子结构可知,这句话是with复合结构,即“with+宾语+过去分词”,故填with。
2. a 考査冠词。依据语境可知,这里泛指“一种受青睐的消遣”,故用不定冠词,且popular是以辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。
3. comfortably 考査副词。修饰动词短语drink good quality tea应用副词。故填comfortably。
4. designed 考查非谓语动词。剖析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是date,故空处应填非谓语动词形式作定语修饰afternoon tea,且afternoon tea和design之间是动宾关系,故应用过去分词作定语。
5. fashionable 考査形容词。剖析句子可知,空处修饰名词occasion ,故应用所给词的形容词形式fashionable。
6. popularity 考査名词。由空前的形容词性物主代词its可知, 空处应填所给词的名词形式,且popularity是不可数名词。故填popularity。
7. Though/Although/While 考查连词。依据语境可知,前半句表示的是“可以在家亨受它”。而后半句表示的是“最好的体验它的方法是在一家高端的酒店或咖啡馆”,前后是让步关系,故用表示让步的连词。
8. to enjoy 考查非谓语动词。由句意及句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。所以填to enjoy。
9. being asked 考杳非谓语动词。avoid后面接动词-ing形式作宾语,且you和ask to leave之间是动宾关系,故填being asked。
10. will agree 考查时态。句意:我保证你只须试过之后,就会赞同的。句中once引导的是条件状语从句,用的是一般目前时,由“主将从现”的原则可知,主句应用一般以后时。故填will agree。
